Rosacea is a very common skin condition, sometimes confused with acne, which can be quite frustrating. Finding the right rosacea treatment is key to controlling symptoms and achieving healthier skin. For #RosaceaAwarenessMonth in April, we have created this guide to help you achieve calmer, more radiant skin.
What are the differences between rosacea and acne?
Although both rosacea and acne are inflammatory skin conditions, it is essential to understand that they are different. Unlike acne's pimples and blackheads, rosacea is characterized by persistent facial redness, often with visible blood vessels. It is important to remember this difference. While it is possible to have both conditions at the same time, it is worth noting that some acne treatments can worsen rosacea. If you have questions about rosacea treatment, you can book a video consultation with us.
The four faces of rosacea
Rosacea does not manifest the same way for everyone. It can affect both men and women, with fair or dark skin, and at any age. Here we explain the different types and how they manifest:
- Type 1 rosacea: Redness and facial flushing – this is the most common type and is often triggered or worsened by hot beverages or spicy foods.
- Type 2 rosacea: Papules and pustules – these are small red bumps with or without pus, which appear alongside facial redness. (Formerly mistakenly known as "acne rosacea.")
- Type 3 rosacea: Skin thickening – primarily affects the nose (rhinophyma), causing a bumpy and enlarged texture.
- Type 4 rosacea: Ocular rosacea – affects the eyes, causing irritation, dryness, and redness.
Unfortunately, there is no definitive test to diagnose rosacea, and it is usually based on a dermatologist's visual assessment. However, let's explore some possible causes, triggers, and rosacea treatment options, based on recent studies.
Gut health and rosacea
The origin of facial rosacea remains unclear. While we don't know the exact cause, there are several theories, such as hyperreactive blood vessels, abnormal immune manifestations in the skin, the presence of microscopic mites called Demodex, exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF), and genetic factors. Recent research has revealed a significant relationship between rosacea and inflammatory conditions due to an imbalance in the gut microbiome.
Like our skin microbiome, the gut microbiome is a complex system composed of trillions of bacteria, essential for digestion, nutrient absorption, and immune function. Emerging evidence suggests that an imbalance in the gut microbiome, known as dysbiosis, can lead to increased intestinal permeability, contributing to chronic inflammatory conditions throughout the body, including rosacea.
Stress and rosacea
Everyday stresses can trigger rosacea flare-ups. When you're stressed, your body releases hormones like cortisol, and prolonged elevated cortisol (chronic stress) can cause symptoms of skin inflammation.
Lifestyle changes are an important complement to any rosacea treatment:
- Mindfulness exercises: Meditation, yoga, and deep breathing help calm the mind and reduce stress. We find meditation particularly helpful.
- Physical activity: Exercise is a great way to reduce stress and improve your overall well-being. But remember to be careful with activities during sunny hours or if temperatures are high, as extreme heat can trigger a rosacea flare-up.
- Get enough sleep: Adequate sleep is essential for your overall health and for managing stress. Aim for 7 to 8 hours of sleep each night.
Although we have discussed this topic before, we want to emphasize how important stress is for your skin health and not just for rosacea treatment, in addition to other factors such as sun exposure and pollution.
Why do I get rosacea during menopause?
Fluctuations in hormone levels, especially estrogen, during menopause can be a possible trigger for rosacea or worsen existing symptoms. As estrogen levels decrease during menopause, the skin can become thinner and more fragile. This compromised barrier function can be more susceptible to environmental triggers and inflammation, leading to rosacea flare-ups. Additionally, some theorize that the common vasodilatory effects of estrogen decline could contribute to the characteristic redness of rosacea. If you are experiencing rosacea for the first time or notice a worsening of symptoms around menopause, it is necessary to consult a healthcare professional to develop a personalized treatment plan that addresses both concerns.
Rosacea and sun exposure
Sunscreen isn't just for beach days; it's a must for any rosacea treatment. More than 80% of people with rosacea experience worsening symptoms due to sun exposure. Our advice is:
- Avoid sun exposure whenever possible.
- Wear sunscreen all year round: UV rays can penetrate clouds, so it's important to apply SPF every day.
- Opt for physical filters: Look for products containing zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, as sensitive skin tolerates them better. Make sure they are “non-nano” and formulas specifically designed for sensitive skin.
- Zinc oxide has a dual action: It acts as a physical barrier and also has soothing properties, making it an excellent choice for rosacea-prone skin.
What is the best sunscreen for rosacea-prone skin?
In our opinion, your rosacea treatment cannot be complete without our Artemisia Power Protection Moisturiser SPF50+, a physical filter facial SPF formulated for sensitive skin. It is very hydrating, lightweight, fragrance-free, and offers SPF 50+ protection thanks to zinc oxide and titanium dioxide (both non-nano). Additionally, it is enriched with Artemisia extract, known for calming skin and reducing inflammation. It is an excellent option for those who want to complete their rosacea treatment routine.
Tips for choosing the best rosacea treatment
When it comes to managing rosacea, less is more, and, as with all skincare routines, the key is choosing the right cleanser. Use a gentle cleanser that rinses off easily and maintains a neutral or slightly acidic pH. Avoid harsh exfoliants and astringent toners, and make sure to always rinse with lukewarm water. For rosacea-prone skin, we love Purifying Cleansing Beauty Cream or, if you use sunscreen, Dara’s Water.
The next step is to strengthen your skin's barrier function, as it acts as the first line of defense against environmental aggressors, allergens, and pathogens. In healthy skin, this barrier is made up of skin cells joined by lipids (fats) that help retain moisture. However, in cases of rosacea, the barrier function is often compromised.
Why a strong barrier function is so important for rosacea-prone skin:
- Less irritation: A compromised barrier allows irritants to penetrate the skin more easily, triggering inflammation and worsening rosacea symptoms like redness, itching, and burning.
- Improved hydration: A healthy barrier helps retain water in the skin, keeping it supple and hydrated. Dehydrated skin is often more sensitive and prone to breakouts.
- Strengthens the microbiome: There are various microorganisms on the skin, some beneficial and others not so much. A healthy barrier helps balance them, allowing good bacteria to grow and protect the skin from potential problems.
By including a soothing, allergen-free scented moisturizer like Nutritive Repair Emulsion or a repairing facial oil like Intelligent Frontier Facial Oil in your rosacea treatment routine, you help strengthen your skin's natural protective function, which is essential for managing rosacea. This will help reduce irritation, improve hydration, and prevent breakouts.
Beauty tip for rosacea treatment:
Apply our Rapid Eye Treatment to affected areas with redness. Its antioxidant effect is excellent for improving skin microcirculation and strengthening small blood vessels.
Remember, every skin is unique. There are different rosacea treatments available, and the best one for you will depend on the severity of your condition and your specific symptoms. If you have any doubts, we recommend consulting a skincare professional to help you formulate a personalized rosacea care plan. (We are here to help). With the right rosacea treatment and at-home care, you can manage symptoms and enjoy clearer, calmer skin.